主要参考：

configparser— Configuration file parser

Config简介

  • 主要就是本地读取.ini文件，其中放入自己需要的参数。
  • .ini文件的编写需要分section，默认应该都有一个[DEFAULT]区，来实现fallback, i.e.， 当某个section里的参数没有设定的时候，在文件中强行读取会用[DEFALUT]中的来代替。

具体使用

格式

  • 默认以key = value 或者 key : value 来写。 section names are case sensitive but keys are not

  • 注释用 # 来代替

    [You can use comments]
# like this
; or this

# By default only in an empty line.
# Inline comments can be harmful because they prevent users
# from using the delimiting characters as parts of values.
# That being said, this can be customized

  • value很长的时候，通过缩进实现：如

    [Sections Can Be Indented]
    can_values_be_as_well = True
    does_that_mean_anything_special = False
    purpose = formatting for readability
    multiline_values = are
        handled just fine as
        long as they are indented
        deeper than the first line
        of a value
    # Did I mention we can indent comments, too?

引用：Interpolation of values

  • 同一个section里面：%(my_dir)s 直接引用别的参数，如

    [Paths]
home_dir: /Users
my_dir: %(home_dir)s/lumberjack
my_pictures: %(my_dir)s/Pictures

    上述的my_dir 实际就是/Users/lumberjack，my_pictures就是/Users/lumberjack/Pictures。

  • 跨Section引用：需要用${section:option}来实现：

    [Common]
home_dir: /Users
library_dir: /Library
system_dir: /System
macports_dir: /opt/local

[Frameworks]
Python: 3.2
path: ${Common:system_dir}/Library/Frameworks/

    或者同一个section里面也可以这样用（就忽略了section这一项）

    [Paths]
home_dir: /Users
my_dir: ${home_dir}/lumberjack
my_pictures: ${my_dir}/Pictures

写入config文件

像字典一样操作

>>> import configparser
>>> config = configparser.ConfigParser()
>>> config['DEFAULT'] = {'ServerAliveInterval': '45',
...                      'Compression': 'yes',
...                      'CompressionLevel': '9'}
>>> config['bitbucket.org'] = {}
>>> config['bitbucket.org']['User'] = 'hg'
>>> config['topsecret.server.com'] = {}
>>> topsecret = config['topsecret.server.com']
>>> topsecret['Port'] = '50022'     # mutates the parser
>>> topsecret['ForwardX11'] = 'no'  # same here
>>> config['DEFAULT']['ForwardX11'] = 'yes'
>>> with open('example.ini', 'w') as configfile:
...   config.write(configfile)
...

读取config文件（类似argparser)

>>> config = configparser.ConfigParser()
>>> config.sections()
[]
>>> config.read('example.ini')
['example.ini']
>>> config.sections()
['bitbucket.org', 'topsecret.server.com']
>>> 'bitbucket.org' in config
True
>>> 'bytebong.com' in config
False
>>> config['bitbucket.org']['User']
'hg'
>>> config['DEFAULT']['Compression']
'yes'
>>> topsecret = config['topsecret.server.com']
>>> topsecret['ForwardX11']
'no'
>>> topsecret['Port']
'50022'
>>> for key in config['bitbucket.org']:  
...     print(key)
user
compressionlevel
serveraliveinterval
compression
forwardx11
>>> config['bitbucket.org']['ForwardX11']
'yes'

注意事项

与dict的区别：

  • 对key的使用的都是case-insensitve的（dict不是），因此默认全部都是小写。
  • .clear()不会清除掉所有东西，因为还保留着DEFAULTsection

使用interpolation要对configparser传入参数

extended-interpolation-not-working-in-configparser

具体就是（换成BasicInterpolation也同理）：

from configparser import ConfigParser, ExtendedInterpolation

parser = ConfigParser(interpolation=ExtendedInterpolation())
parser.read('configfile.ini')

lll = parser.get('HUE_310', 'partNewFilePath')
print(lll)  # -> http://some_domain_name:8888

无法直接使用DEFAULT section

[DEFAULT]
root = /home/weitaotang/noisy_label/GNN/mnist_gnn_pytorch
log_dir = ${root}/log/
summary_dir = ${root}/summary
g_dataset_dir = ${root}/graph_dataset
num_classes = 10
load_cnn_model = CNN4_r_0.6_acc_86.41_ep_2_lr_0.01
num_split = split_5
g_raw_data_dir = ${g_dataset_dir}/split/${load_cnn_model}/${num_split}
pt = ${g_raw_data_dir}/raw/${num_split}in60.pt
csv = ${g_raw_data_dir}/raw/dist_matrix_0-510554_split_5in60.csv
confidence_rate = 0.3

这样会报错：

config = ConfigParser(interpolation=ExtendedInterpolation())
config.read('../config/build_graph.ini')
config['pt']

需要这样：

config = ConfigParser(interpolation=ExtendedInterpolation())
config.read('../config/build_graph.ini')
config = config['DEFAULT'] # 把DEFAILT节加入
config['pt']